Index
Glossary A–Z
Every frequent-flyer term on the site, from award availability to upgrade awards.
A
- Alliance and partner earningPartner earning means flying airline A and crediting the miles to airline B's programme; the rate comes from B's partner chart.
- Award availability: what “award space” meansAward availability means that a loyalty programme offers the flight and cabin you want in exchange for points or miles when you search.
- Award charts: distance bandsA distance-band award chart groups routes into mileage ranges and assigns a price to each range. The measure and itinerary rules come from each programme.
- Award charts: route tablesA route-based award chart lists the miles needed for an award ticket by origin and destination; you just look up the pair, with no zones or distance bands.
- Award charts: zonesA zone-based award chart prices travel by the origin and destination regions, cabin and award type defined by a programme.
B
C
- Carrier-imposed surcharges on award ticketsA carrier-imposed surcharge is a cash charge set by an airline and separate from miles, government taxes and airport fees.
- Codeshare: the marketing airline and the operating airlineA codeshare is a marketing arrangement in which one airline sells a flight under its code while another airline operates it.
D
E
- Elite tier names and laddersA tier ladder is a programme's sequence of membership levels from basic to top, each with its own name, threshold and benefits.
- Elite tier qualification thresholdsQualification thresholds are the status points, segments or spend you must reach within a qualification window to move up to an elite tier.
F
I
M
- Miles vs kilometres as the distance unitThe distance unit is the unit a frequent flyer programme uses to measure flight distance: some programmes use miles and others use kilometres, so the same flight produces very different numbers.
- Miles-or-segments qualification pathsMiles-or-segments qualification lets you reach a tier on either status miles or qualifying segments; meeting one of them is enough.
- Minimum mileage creditMinimum mileage credit is a floor some programmes set for short flights: when a sector is very short, it is credited at a set minimum distance or minimum miles, so short hops still earn something.
R
S
- Status pointsStatus points are the credits that count toward elite status (names vary: status miles, tier points, Status Miles and so on), kept separate from the award miles you can redeem.
- Status renewal (retention)Status renewal means reaching the required threshold again within the qualification window before your tier expires, so you keep it for the next period.
- Status segments
W
- What are adjoining rooms?Adjoining rooms sit side by side without an internal door; connecting rooms have one. Why both are requests, and how families should phrase the ask.
- What are airside and landside?Airside is the secure part of an airport beyond the checkpoint; landside is the public side. The line decides who can meet you and where you can go.
- What are Avios?Avios is the loyalty currency of The British Airways Club and Qatar Airways Privilege Club. Learn how Avios are earned, spent, moved and what makes them expire.
- What are award routing rules?How programmes decide whether an award itinerary is valid: carrier, channel and fare-type limits, with AAdvantage, Aeroplan and KrisFlyer examples.
- What are award taxes?Award taxes are the cash charges on an award ticket: government taxes, airport fees and carrier surcharges. See who pays them and why they vary.
- What are base miles?Base miles are the miles a programme credits for the qualifying activity itself, before status, cabin, partner or purchased bonus miles are added.
- What are bonus miles?Bonus miles sit outside a programme's standard earn; the label covers a defined non-Loyalty-Point category at American and looser promotional uses at Delta and KrisFlyer.
- What are booking-platform rewards on activities?How online travel agency rewards apply to tours, tickets and attractions, using Booking.com's Rewards & Wallet, Genius levels and booking criteria.
- What are booking-platform rewards on airport transfers?Whether airport transfers booked through a travel platform earn rewards, and how Marriott Bonvoy and AAdvantage treat third-party purchases.
- What are booking-platform rewards on car rentals?How Booking.com Genius rewards apply to car-rental bookings: level discounts on the cost of the car only, which reservations count and what is excluded.
- What are booking-platform rewards on guest bookings?Who earns booking-site loyalty rewards when one person books and another travels? How Booking.com Genius progress attaches to the booking account.
- What are booking-platform rewards on multiple rooms?How Booking.com Genius counts a multi-room reservation as one booking toward progress, how the three levels unlock, and which discounts and stay perks apply.
- What are booking-platform rewards on packages?How Marriott Bonvoy treats all-inclusive package charges as Qualifying Charges, with conditions and exclusions.
- What are booking-platform rewards on taxes and fees?Booking-platform rewards are calculated on an eligible booking value, not the full price paid, so taxes, resort fees and service charges may be excluded.
- What are booking-platform rewards redemption fees?How Booking.com applies Genius discounts and Wallet rewards at checkout, which taxes, supplier charges and card fees stay payable, and the limits.
- What are card points redemption options?Card points redemption options include statement credits, gift cards, travel bookings and transfers to airline or hotel partners; each issuer sets its own menu.
- What are card-linked offers?Card-linked offers are targeted card deals that pay a statement credit or bonus points after a qualifying purchase at a named merchant, once you enrol.
- What are connecting rooms?Connecting rooms are two hotel rooms joined by an internal door. Learn how requests work, why they are not guaranteed, and how extra rooms affect points.
- What are credit-card points?Credit-card points are reward units earned on card spending, issued either by the bank itself or by a co-branded airline or hotel programme.
- What are cruise loyalty cruise points?Cruise loyalty cruise points are line-specific tier metrics. Compare how Royal Caribbean, Celebrity Cruises and Norwegian Cruise Line award and use them.
- What are cruise loyalty reciprocal benefits?How cruise lines recognise loyalty status earned on a sister brand: one-for-one tier matching across Royal Caribbean Group and Latitudes honouring on board.
- What are eGates and automated border control?eGates read a biometric passport, match the traveller's face to the document photo and either clear them or send them to a border officer. UK and US rules.
- What are elite bonus miles?Elite bonus miles are extra redeemable miles for status members. See how Emirates Skywards and Miles & More set tier bonuses and what limits apply.
- What are elite qualifying dollars (EQD)?
- What are elite qualifying miles?Elite qualifying miles count toward airline status, not free flights. How KrisFlyer turns distance, cabin and booking class into Elite miles.
- What are elite-qualifying nights?Elite-qualifying nights are the hotel stay nights a loyalty programme counts towards elite status, and the rates, rooms and stays that do not qualify.
- What are entry permission types?Visa-free entry, visa on arrival, eVisa, ETA and visa are not interchangeable. What each entry permission type means, with UK, Canada and EU examples.
- What are excess and overweight baggage fees?How Delta and American charge for extra, overweight and oversized checked bags, including current fees, online discounts and refusal limits.
- What are extraordinary circumstances in EU261?
- What are fixed-value points?
- What are free car rental days?How Avis Preferred and National Emerald Club award and redeem free rental days, including points, credits, tiers and published limits.
- What are gift miles?United MileagePlus rules on transferring miles to another account, issuing awards for another person, and limits that apply to business members.
- What are government taxes and fees on award tickets?Award tickets can still carry government taxes and airport charges even when the fare is zero. See how they differ from carrier surcharges and fees.
- What are hotel award blackout dates?Hotel award blackout dates and inventory rules decide when points can book a room. What Hilton Honors and Marriott Bonvoy restrict, and what to check first.
- What are hotel payment methods?Hotel payment methods are the ways a property takes payment for a stay. Learn how payment rules affect Marriott Bonvoy points and cash-plus-points bookings.
- What are irregular operations?Irregular operations are airline delays, cancellations, diversions and missed connections, plus the rules that decide rebooking, refunds and care.
- What are lithium battery carriage rules?Lithium battery carriage rules: why power banks and battery devices fall under air dangerous goods rules, who sets them, and why items can be refused.
- What are miles donations?Miles donation explained, with sourced notes on gifting, transfers, award redeposits and United MileagePlus transfer and barter rules.
- What are Montreal Convention baggage liability limits?
- What are onboard cabin products?Onboard cabin products are the cabin-specific features airlines describe, such as seating, dining, Wi-Fi and entertainment; they vary by cabin and aircraft.
- What are prohibited items at security?Airport security decides what can pass the checkpoint. See why carry-on rules differ by airport and how airline dangerous-goods limits apply on top.
- What are purchase protection and extended warranty?Purchase protection and extended warranty are card benefits that cover damaged, stolen or out-of-warranty items; windows, caps and exclusions vary by card.
- What are rail loyalty award change and cancellation rules?How rail loyalty award tickets can be changed, cancelled or refunded, and why operator, award type and fare conditions set the fees and deadlines.
- What are rail loyalty qualifying trips?Rail loyalty qualifying trips are the journeys a train programme counts toward elite status. How Amtrak Guest Rewards and CartaFreccia measure it.
- What are redeemable miles?What redeemable miles are, how a spendable balance differs from the status counter in AAdvantage, SkyMiles, Skywards and KrisFlyer, and what to check before spending.
- What are rental car insurance exclusions?Card rental car insurance exclusions sit in the card's own product terms, not the rewards programme. See where to find them and how charges affect cover.
- What are room types and bed configurations?Standard, superior, deluxe, twin, double, king and suite mean different things at different hotel brands. What to check before you book a room.
- What are seasonal rates?Seasonal rates are hotel or travel prices that change with the date, season or demand, with the price, conditions and inclusions set by the rate plan booked.
- What are SSR codes?How special service requests are recorded and handled, using American Airlines' special assistance rules as the worked example.
- What are tier points?
- What are trusted traveller programmes?DHS lists TSA PreCheck, Global Entry, NEXUS, SENTRI and FAST. See where each applies, TSA PreCheck fees and enrolment steps.
- What are upgrade awards?An upgrade award (mileage upgrade) redeems miles or points to move a paid ticket into a higher cabin. Whether it is allowed, which cabin, which carriers and fares, and any co-pay must be read under each programme’s stated scope; this page quotes official sentences under scope labels and never shows mileage amounts.
- What are vaccination entry requirements?Vaccination entry requirements are health conditions a country can impose at the border, explained with Kenya's yellow fever certificate and insurance rules.
- What are WestJet dollars?
- What is a baggage on-time guarantee?What a baggage on-time guarantee means, and how Delta SkyMiles treats checked bag fees, eCredits and free-bag Medallion benefits.
- What is a balance transfer?
- What is a base fare?Base fare is the airline's own charge for the journey before taxes, airport charges and surcharges, and the split decides what comes back on a change.
- What is a Basic Economy fare?A Basic Economy fare is a restricted economy fare brand. What the label means, why the rules differ by airline and fare, and how United treats it.
- What is a bassinet seat?A bassinet seat is a cabin position where an infant carrycot can be fitted. See how airlines mark bassinet positions on a published aircraft seat plan.
- What is a best available rate?The best available rate (BAR) is a hotel's standard public room rate — the reference point for member rates, packages and price-match claims.
- What is a bid upgrade?A bid upgrade is a paid upgrade offer: you name a price for a premium cabin and the airline accepts or rejects it before departure.
- What is a billing cycle?A billing cycle, or statement period, is the repeating window in which a card issuer totals spending, applies fees and rewards and sets statement and due dates.
- What is a board basis?A board basis is the meal plan attached to a hotel rate: room only, B&B, half board or all inclusive. Inclusions are set property by property.
- What is a boarding pass?A boarding pass is the paper or digital record that lets a checked-in passenger board a specific flight, and on American Airlines it sets the boarding group.
- What is a booking confirmation?A booking confirmation records a reservation but is not the ticket. What it contains, how it differs from a ticket and a PNR, and what to check on receipt.
- What is a booking window?A booking window is the period before departure when seats, rooms or awards are sold, plus the cut-offs that close it. American and United examples.
- What is a booking-platform loyalty programme?Booking-platform loyalty programme explained: how OTA membership schemes such as Booking.com Genius combine member pricing, booking-based tiers and rewards.
- What is a booking-platform rewards qualifying booking?A booking-platform rewards qualifying booking is a reservation that meets an OTA rewards programme's published conditions for earning or progress.
- What is a booking-platform rewards redemption for packages?Glossary definition of booking-platform rewards redemption for packages, with sourced facts from Trip.com's packages page on flight and hotel packages.
- What is a brand exception?A brand exception is a brand-, property- or region-level carve-out in hotel loyalty terms that can change, limit or remove a published elite benefit.
- What is a breakfast benefit?How hotel elite breakfast works: welcome-gift breakfast options, daily food-and-beverage credits, brand and booking-channel exclusions, and lounge rules.
- What is a cancellation deadline?A cancellation deadline is the cut-off for cancelling a flight, hotel or car booking without a penalty, and it comes from the fare or rate rule.
- What is a card APR?
- What is a card earning cap?A card earning cap is the limit an issuer puts on how many points or miles a card earns at its headline rate, and it decides what a card is really worth.
- What is a card instalment plan?A card instalment plan splits a purchase or card balance into fixed monthly payments for a disclosed fee, changing the amount due and how rewards post.
- What is a card network?A card network such as Visa or Mastercard is separate from your bank and any airline partner: it sets acceptance and conversion, the issuer sets fees.
- What is a card points earning cap?A card points earning cap limits how many rewards a credit card pays: bonus-rate spending ceilings, quarterly category caps and excluded purchases.
- What is a card points redemption fee?A card points redemption fee is charged by an issuer to convert reward points into cash, vouchers or partner miles, and is separate from the annual fee.
- What is a card points statement credit?A statement credit turns card points into a reduction on your balance. See how issuer rules, minimums and exclusions differ from miles or travel credit.
- What is a card product change?A card product change swaps the card on an existing account with the same issuer. Compare Barclaycard Avios and Avios Plus fees, earning rates and bonuses.
- What is a card surcharge?A card surcharge is an extra merchant fee for paying by card. In the EU it is banned for credit and debit cards, with narrow exceptions.
- What is a cardmember year?A cardmember year is the twelve-month cycle counted from a card's opening date, separate from the calendar year and the statement cycle.
- What is a cash-back credit card?A cash-back credit card returns a percentage of eligible spending. How flat, category and rotating rates work, with caps, activation and exclusions.
- What is a category bonus?A category bonus is extra card earn on purchases an issuer places in selected spending categories, subject to merchant coding, caps and exclusions.
- What is a cent per point?
- What is a charge card?A charge card is meant to be paid off in full each statement. See how American Express describes No Preset Spending Limit and Pay Over Time.
- What is a city tax?
- What is a clean air zone?Clean air zones are city areas where a vehicle may need to meet emissions standards or pay a daily charge. Check GOV.UK coverage, payment and limits.
- What is a CLEAR membership credit?
- What is a close-in booking fee?Learn what a close-in booking fee is, why airlines may charge it on late award bookings, and how to verify the window, amount and waivers in programme terms.
- What is a co-branded credit card?A co-branded credit card earns a single travel programme's points, such as Virgin Points, and can also carry status benefits. How it works, with examples.
- What is a companion ticket?A companion ticket or companion pass lets a member add one second passenger. Compare Southwest Companion Pass and British Airways Companion Voucher rules.
- What is a complimentary upgrade?Elite-status benefit that gives a better room or premium cabin without a separate upgrade payment, with Hilton Honors tier, brand and booking rules.
- What is a confirmed upgrade?A confirmed upgrade is an upgrade already secured for a specific flight. How it differs from a waitlist, and how Delta certificates work.
- What is a connecting partner in an airline alliance?A Star Alliance Connecting Partner is an airline linked into the alliance network, with smoother transfers and certain privileges on combined itineraries.
- What is a connection vs a stopover?A connection stays inside the carrier's connecting window; a stopover is a longer planned break. How fare rules, validity and refunds treat the difference.
- What is a credit card issuer?A credit card issuer opens the account, sets the annual fee and writes the welcome-offer rules. See how Chase, Citi and Capital One divide issuer and brand.
- What is a credit limit increase?A credit limit increase raises the ceiling on a card balance. How limits are set, what they do to utilisation and spend caps, and what stays the same.
- What is a credit limit?A credit limit is the maximum balance an issuer allows on a revolving credit card, and it shapes large purchases, welcome-offer spending and product changes.
- What is a credit score?What a credit score is, how American Express India says lenders use it on a card application, and how a late payment affects Membership Rewards points and transfers.
- What is a cruise loyalty cabin upgrade?Cruise loyalty cabin upgrade: Norwegian Latitudes Rewards Diamond members get a one-time free upgrade; Celebrity offers one-category upgrades at booking.
- What is a cruise loyalty member fare?Member-only and past-guest cruise offers explained: who qualifies, which sailings and cabin grades they cover, and how they combine with other promotions.
- What is a cruise loyalty qualifying cruise?A cruise loyalty qualifying cruise is a sailing you have completed and that the line credits under its own rules, so a booking alone earns nothing.
- What is a cruise loyalty qualifying night?A cruise loyalty qualifying night is a night aboard that earns points toward tier status. See how Latitudes, Crown & Anchor and Captain's Club count them.
- What is a cruise night?A cruise night is a night aboard ship counted toward cruise loyalty status. How Captain's Club points, Mariner Society cruise days and bonuses add up.
- What is a customs declaration?
- What is a de-icing delay?EU passenger-rights rules for flight delays and cancellations, including care thresholds, extraordinary circumstances and scope.
- What is a destination fee?A destination fee is a mandatory hotel charge for local destination services. See how it differs from a resort fee, taxes and optional charges on award stays.
- What is a dining programme?A dining programme earns airline or card points when a member registers a payment card and dines at participating restaurants, subject to its own terms.
- What is a direct flight vs nonstop?A nonstop flight has no intermediate landing; a direct flight keeps one flight number but may land en route. How American and British Airways label both.
- What is a direct-booking requirement?Direct-booking requirements tie loyalty points, elite credit or benefits to booking through a hotel, airline or approved channel. See cited examples.
- What is a fare basis code?A fare basis code identifies the exact fare a ticket was sold under. The booking class letter sets mileage and tier-point earning. See how airlines apply them.
- What is a fare family?A fare family is a branded fare sold inside one cabin, with its own baggage, seat, change and mileage rules, layered on top of a booking class.
- What is a fare lock?Fare lock glossary entry covering IATA ticketing and reservations material and United MileagePlus award rules.
- What is a fare rule?A fare rule sets the change, refund, seat, boarding and earning conditions attached to an airline ticket or fare brand, with examples from three U.S. carriers.
- What is a fifth freedom flight?A fifth freedom flight is a sector an airline flies between two foreign countries. Miles and award routing depend on the programme and the carrier.
- What is a fifth night free?A fifth night free removes the points cost of the fifth consecutive night in an award stay. See how the benefit works and what to check in programme terms.
- What is a flight diversion?Flight diversions put the aircraft on the ground somewhere other than its ticketed destination. Here is whose conditions of carriage govern what follows.
- What is a flight number?A flight number is an airline's identifier for a scheduled flight, usually paired with an airline code. Learn how it differs from a route and a codeshare.
- What is a flight segment?A flight segment is one nonstop flight leg between two points. See how American Airlines and United MileagePlus count segments, flights and refunds.
- What is a foreign transaction fee?Foreign transaction fees are card charges for spending abroad or in another currency. See how US rewards programmes treat these fees when awarding points.
- What is a free night certificate cap?A free night certificate cap is the maximum award value a hotel free-night certificate can cover, set by the hotel programme or co-brand card that issues it.
- What is a frequent flyer number?A frequent flyer number links flights and partner activity to one loyalty account. How the Velocity number works, and why flights go uncredited.
- What is a future cruise credit?A future cruise credit is a cruise line credit for a later booking, not a cash refund. See how issuance, expiry, transfer and combinability can change its value.
- What is a global distribution system (GDS)?A global distribution system is the computer network travel agencies use to shop, book and service flights, hotels and other travel products.
- What is a guaranteed room?A guaranteed-room benefit protects eligible hotel elite members when a property is heavily booked; tiers, notice periods and exclusions vary by programme.
- What is a hard landing?Hard landing explained: the elite-status outcome when a tier is not renewed, with Delta SkyMiles annual recalculation and United Premier Status Match Challenge terms.
- What is a hotel airport shuttle service?A hotel airport shuttle service is a ground transfer between a hotel and an airport, plus what Wyndham Rewards terms say about room rates and stay charges.
- What is a hotel award category?How hotel award categories and free-night charts set reward-night prices, how charts change, and where property exceptions apply.
- What is a hotel award chart?A hotel award chart is a loyalty programme's points price list for award nights. How Marriott Bonvoy prices free nights, and what can change.
- What is a hotel best rate guarantee?A hotel best rate guarantee is a programme promise to match or beat a lower public rate found after booking direct. Rules differ by hotel programme.
- What is a hotel chain?A hotel chain groups hotels under shared brand names and a loyalty programme; Marriott Bonvoy shows how participation and earning vary by brand and property.
- What is a hotel corporate rate?A source-limited glossary entry on how Shangri-La Circle names and treats a negotiated Corporate rate under its Qualifying Room Rate, booking-channel and payment rules.
- What is a hotel day-use room?A hotel day-use room is sold for same-day use with no overnight stay. See how such bookings sit with Marriott Bonvoy nights, points and qualifying activity.
- What is a hotel deposit policy?Hotel deposit policy explained for Marriott Bonvoy stays, including Cash + Points, award-stay exclusions and which folio charges qualify for points.
- What is a hotel early departure fee?A hotel early departure fee is charged when a guest checks out before the booked date on a rate plan that requires the full stay, or gives too little notice.
- What is a hotel extra person charge?A hotel extra person charge is a fee for guests above the number a rate includes. It is separate from breakfast and rollaway-bed costs and varies by property.
- What is a hotel laundry service?Hotel laundry service covers self-service machines, valet washing, pressing and dry cleaning, plus how charges reach the room folio and earn points.
- What is a hotel minimum check-in age?A hotel minimum check-in age is the youngest age a property will register a guest. How law, brand rules and prepaid rates decide who gets the room.
- What is a hotel parking fee?A hotel parking fee is a separate nightly charge for self-parking or valet, billed on top of the room rate and often excluded from award stays.
- What is a hotel pet fee?
- What is a hotel room block?A hotel room block is a set allocation of rooms held for a group or event under a group contract. See how points and elite credit work for multi-room stays.
- What is a hotel service animal policy?A hotel service animal policy covers access, documentation, fees and relief areas for assistance animals, and varies by country and by property.
- What is a hotel service charge?A hotel service charge is an amount added to a hotel bill for services beyond the room rate. See how Hilton Honors treats resort fees and incidental charges.
- What is a hotel star rating?A hotel star rating is a label for a property's facilities and services, set by the hotel itself or by an outside scheme. It is not a brand tier.
- What is a hotel statement credit?Hotel statement credits on co-branded cards refund part of eligible hotel spend, with property, booking-channel and reset-date limits on each card.
- What is a hotel wifi fee?A hotel wifi fee is a property's charge for internet access; whether you pay it depends on the rate booked, the room, the hotel and your loyalty membership.
- What is a last-minute booking?A plain-English guide to last-minute cash and award bookings: fare rules, refund timing, check-in deadlines and United MileagePlus award conditions.
- What is a late checkout fee?A plain-language definition of a late checkout fee, plus how Marriott Bonvoy defines qualifying charges during a stay.
- What is a late checkout guarantee?A late checkout guarantee is a hotel loyalty benefit that promises elite members a set latest checkout time, subject to programme terms and property exclusions.
- What is a layover?A layover is the time spent at an intermediate point between two flights of one journey. How connections, layovers and stopovers differ, and why it matters.
- What is a loss damage waiver?A loss damage waiver is a car rental protection product that limits your responsibility for damage to or loss of the rental vehicle, subject to conditions.
- What is a lost or stolen card?What to do when a credit or charge card goes missing: how reporting works, how replacement is arranged, and what happens to points and saved card details.
- What is a lost or stolen passport abroad?Two separate processes follow a passport lost or stolen abroad: reporting it and obtaining a replacement or emergency travel document. UK and Canada rules.
- What is a lounge guest policy?Lounge guest policy decides who a member may bring into an airport lounge. Guest allowance varies by programme, membership type, tier and ticket.
- What is a lounge membership?Lounge membership explained: how annual network plans, airline club membership and card-issued access differ, and what to compare before joining.
- What is a lounge network?A lounge network is a group of airport lounges that one membership or status can open. How independent networks, alliances and guest rules differ.
- What is a lounge operator?Companies that run airport lounges and sell or license entry independently of airlines, and why the operator decides access, price and who qualifies.
- What is a low-cost carrier (LCC)?A low-cost carrier sells a stripped-back base fare and charges separately for extras, with simplified fares and often point-to-point networks.
- What is a loyalty currency?A loyalty currency is the miles or points a programme issues for eligible activity and lets members redeem. Compare how four programmes define and price it.
- What is a marketing carrier?A marketing carrier sells the flight number on your ticket; the operating carrier flies it. See how United MileagePlus rules treat codeshare flights.
- What is a mattress run?A mattress run is a hotel stay booked to earn qualifying nights or promotional credit rather than for the trip, and Marriott Bonvoy rules decide what counts.
- What is a member rate?A member rate is a members-only room price sold by hotels, OTAs or booking platforms. How eligibility, qualifying status and channel rules work.
- What is a merchant category code (MCC)?How American Express uses merchant codes to decide additional Membership Rewards points under its US programme terms.
- What is a mileage cap?A mileage cap is the distance a car rental rate includes before an excess charge applies. How limited-mileage rates work and where to find the allowance.
- What is a million miler?A million miler is a lifetime recognition tier some airlines grant after a member flies a set number of miles. Compare Delta and Vietnam Airlines rules.
- What is a minimum points redemption?A minimum points redemption is the smallest number of points a programme will accept for a reward; thresholds differ by reward type, from nights to gift cards.
- What is a minimum transfer?A minimum transfer is the smallest amount a loyalty programme will send to a partner. Compare Amex Membership Rewards and Marriott Bonvoy rules.
- What is a mixed-cabin award?A mixed-cabin award covers one award itinerary in two cabins, e.g. business long-haul plus economy. Programme rules decide if and how it is priced.
- What is a multi-city award?A multi-city award is an award ticket with more than two flight segments, or more than one stopover or open-jaw point, and its own pricing rules.
- What is a name correction on an airline ticket?A name correction fixes the spelling of a passenger name on an airline ticket so it matches the passport. It is not a transfer, and carriers set their limits.
- What is a night credit?A night credit is the unit hotel loyalty programmes count toward elite status. See how Marriott Bonvoy defines and awards Elite Night Credits.
- What is a no-show fee?What a no-show fee is, plus China Southern change/refund access and China Eastern's frequent flyer programme award-ticket conditions.
- What is a no-show?A no-show means failing to use or cancel a reservation by its deadline. It names an event, not a fixed penalty; consequences depend on the fare or rate rules.
- What is a nonrefundable fare?A nonrefundable fare blocks a cash refund after the cancellation window, but taxes, extras and airline-caused changes can still return money.
- What is a nontransferable ticket?A nontransferable ticket is valid only for the named passenger. How American Airlines treats name mismatches, refunds and award tickets issued for others.
- What is a one-way award?A one-way award is a single-direction award ticket paid with miles. How British Airways, Emirates and Qantas price and define one-way travel.
- What is a partner award?A partner award is a flight on a partner airline booked with MileagePlus miles. How booking, service charges and status benefits work.
- What is a past guest on a cruise?A past guest is a traveller who has completed a cruise with a line, a status that unlocks member offers, onboard benefits and member events.
- What is a peak award?A peak award is an award priced at a programme's peak rather than off-peak level for a travel date, as British Airways does for Reward Flights.
- What is a personal item?A personal item is the small under-seat bag included in many airline fares, and its size, weight and fare conditions vary by carrier.
- What is a phone booking fee?A phone booking fee is a service charge some airlines add when a ticket is booked by telephone instead of online, with rules varying by fare, route and status.
- What is a PNR (passenger name record)?A PNR (passenger name record) is the booking record behind a record locator: what it holds, how it differs from a ticket number, and where it stops.
- What is a points advance?A points advance lets a hotel loyalty member hold an award stay before the points are in the account, with the balance due by a programme-set deadline.
- What is a points conversion fee?
- What is a port of entry?
- What is a pre-approved offer?A pre-approved offer signals likely approval after a preliminary credit check, but it is not an approval, and its terms or bonus can change before you apply.
- What is a premium cabin lounge?A premium cabin lounge comes with flying first or business class, not with elite status or paid membership. Cabin, fare and route rules differ by programme.
- What is a premium credit card?A premium credit card is a high-fee travel card whose value comes from credits, lounge access, protections and transferable rewards, illustrated with three US cards.
- What is a premium location surcharge?A premium location surcharge is an extra rental charge tied to a specific airport, rail or city branch, and it can appear alongside concession recovery fees.
- What is a prepaid vs flexible rate?Prepaid rates are charged or pre-authorised at booking and may be non-refundable; flexible rates follow the provider's cancellation deadline and payment terms.
- What is a protected connection?A protected connection sits inside one ticket, so a missed flight becomes the carrier's problem to fix. Single-ticket cover, MCT and bags explained.
- What is a purchase bonus tier?A purchase bonus tier is the threshold in a loyalty programme's miles sale where the bonus rate changes, and caps and exclusions decide what it returns.
- What is a Qantas Status Credit reset?
- What is a qualifying rate?A qualifying rate is a hotel rate or booking channel a loyalty programme counts for points and elite credit, and eligibility depends on the programme.
- What is a qualifying stay?A qualifying stay is a hotel stay that meets a programme's rate, booking-channel and property rules so the nights count toward elite status or a promotion.
- What is a rail award seat?A rail award seat is a train seat booked with loyalty points instead of cash. How CartaFreccia, Amtrak Guest Rewards and Club Eurostar handle rewards.
- What is a rail pass?A rail pass bundles unlimited or multi-ride train travel into one ticket. See how the Japan Rail Pass and Amtrak USA Rail Pass set their limits.
- What is a rail seat reservation?A rail seat reservation assigns a specific train and seat, and may be optional or required even when you already hold a valid ticket or pass.
- What is a rail status credit?A rail status credit is the points, segments or spend a rail loyalty programme counts toward elite status, such as BahnBonus status points.
- What is a regional airline?A regional airline flies for a larger carrier. How American Eagle flights earn AAdvantage miles and Loyalty Points, count toward status and book as awards.
- What is a regional upgrade?A regional upgrade is an upgrade instrument limited to a set region or domestic network, with eligibility, fare and waitlist rules set by each programme.
- What is a resort credit?A resort credit is an allowance bundled into a hotel package that offsets eligible on-property charges at check-out, subject to that offer's own terms.
- What is a resort fee?A resort fee is a property-level charge added to a hotel stay. See how Hilton Honors and Marriott Bonvoy treat it on award stays, elite benefits and billing.
- What is a retention offer?A retention offer is a discretionary, account-specific incentive an issuer may offer when a cardholder plans to cancel, plus the rules for closing a card.
- What is a retroactive credit window?The retroactive credit window is the deadline for claiming missing miles, points or stay credit after travel, and it differs by programme.
- What is a Reward Flight Saver?Reward Flight Saver is a reward-seat pricing pattern with a fixed cash amount plus set miles, explained using British Airways Reward Flight rules.
- What is a round-the-world fare?A round-the-world fare is one paid ticket covering a multi-continent loop under alliance rules, with fixed direction, stopover and cabin conditions.
- What is a seat map?A seat map is a diagram of an aircraft cabin showing seat rows, letters, exits, galleys and lavatories, used to compare seats before choosing one.
- What is a self-transfer (self-connection)?A self-transfer joins two separately ticketed flights. See why the connection is unprotected, how checked bags work, and what happens if you miss it.
- What is a shopping portal?A shopping portal is an airline or card programme's online shopping site that pays bonus miles or points when a member clicks through and buys from a retailer.
- What is a significant schedule change?A significant schedule change is an airline change big enough to trigger rebooking or a refund. The threshold is set by the ticket's rules, not one standard.
- What is a special meal on a flight?A special meal replaces the standard cabin meal and is ordered before a flight for dietary, medical, religious or child needs; advance notice is needed.
- What is a standard award?A standard award is a fixed-level redemption priced above the cheapest saver tier. How award levels, availability, taxes and change rules work.
- What is a status run?A status run is air travel taken mainly to earn elite-qualifying credit rather than to reach a destination, and rules on eligible fares vary by programme.
- What is a suite night award?A suite night award is a hotel loyalty upgrade request for a suite or premium room, confirmed subject to availability. How Marriott Bonvoy versions work.
- What is a suite upgrade?A suite upgrade moves your booking up to a suite, either as an elite benefit subject to availability or as a points, cash or certificate award.
- What is a surface sector?A surface sector is a non-airborne leg of a ticketed journey. See how the Star Alliance Round the World fare counts, limits and charges for them.
- What is a systemwide upgrade?A systemwide upgrade is an elite-choice certificate that moves a booking into a premium cabin without spending miles — and Delta's rules show how it works.
- What is a third-party lounge?A third-party or contract lounge is run by an independent operator or airport, not an airline. How airlines and networks like Priority Pass sell access.
- What is a through fare?A through fare covers a whole journey under one ticket. What that changes for baggage, changes, refunds and disruption, and where the protection stops.
- What is a ticketing carrier vs a marketing carrier?Three airlines can sit behind one booking: the ticketing carrier that issues the ticket, the marketing carrier that sells the flight, and the operator.
- What is a ticketing carrier?The ticketing or plating carrier is the airline whose ticket stock a booking is issued on; it usually controls refunds, exchanges and leftover value.
- What is a ticketing time limit?Ticketing time limit: the deadline for turning a held award or fare reservation into an issued ticket, and why it matters.
- What is a toll pass?A toll pass is a rental add-on or transponder account that pays electronic tolls, and Enterprise lists toll, toll lane and receipt answers under TollPass.
- What is a tour operator?A tour operator combines travel services into a package and is answerable for it. How the EU organiser rules and UK ATOL protection attach to a booking.
- What is a transfer name-match rule?A transfer name-match rule ties the name on a card rewards account to the airline or hotel account receiving points. A mismatch can block the transfer.
- What is a transfer partner?A transfer partner receives points from another loyalty currency and issues them as its own. See how airline, hotel and card-currency partners differ.
- What is a transfer ratio?Transfer ratios explained: how flexible points convert into partner miles or points, with published Membership Rewards and Marriott Bonvoy examples.
- What is a travel advisory?Travel advisory meaning: official government guidance on safety, security, health and entry conditions abroad, and how it differs from entry permission.
- What is a travel agent?A travel agent books and services air travel through trade accreditation. What IATA accreditation covers, how agency bookings work, and who is responsible.
- What is a travel credit card?A frequent flyer glossary entry explaining travel credit cards, with the Capital One Venture X Rewards card as an official-source example.
- What is a travel insurance deductible?A travel insurance deductible (or excess) is the part of a covered loss you pay before the insurer pays the rest. See how it and sub-limits change payouts.
- What is a travel portal redemption?A travel portal redemption spends bank or airline points at the provider's price for flights and hotels, instead of transferring them to an airline programme.
- What is a travel voucher?A travel voucher is airline-issued value for a future booking, not a cash refund. How American Airlines treats voucher-paid tickets when earning miles.
- What is a travel waiver?A travel waiver is a temporary airline relaxation of change or cancellation rules for named dates and airports, and it is not a refund right.
- What is a trusted traveller fee credit?A trusted traveller fee credit refunds a Global Entry or TSA PreCheck application fee on an eligible card. See how the Amex Platinum version works.
- What is a voluntary change?A voluntary change is a change the passenger chooses to make to a booked ticket. American Airlines fare rules cover validity and refunds.
- What is a waitlist upgrade?Delta upgrade priority and fare rules: Global and Regional Upgrade Certificates rank above Medallion Complimentary Upgrade requests, subject to availability.
- What is a welcome amenity?A welcome amenity is a hotel elite benefit that lets a member choose a gift such as points, breakfast or a credit. Compare how Marriott Bonvoy applies it.
- What is a welcome bonus?A welcome bonus is an offer of bonus points under a card rewards programme, with the amount, duration and other terms disclosed when the offer is made.
- What is a wide-body aircraft?A wide-body (twin-aisle) aircraft explained: how a two-aisle cabin shapes cabin classes, premium seats and seat maps, using Emirates' official fleet page as the source.
- What is a yellow fever certificate?A yellow fever certificate is a vaccination record some countries require on arrival from a risk area. See how Kenya's rule works and who sets it.
- What is a zero-liability policy?A zero-liability policy says a cardholder is not liable for unauthorised card transactions. How it differs from chargebacks and from purchase cover.
- What is advance passenger information (API)?Advance passenger information is the passport and itinerary data airlines file with border authorities before departure, and it must match your passport.
- What is Air Passenger Duty?
- What is airline elite status?Elite status is a loyalty programme tier that can provide extra benefits once a member meets that programme’s qualification rules; details and limits vary.
- What is airline insolvency protection?UK ATOL protection can refund or bring you home when a travel firm fails. Who runs the scheme, who funds it and how to check a seller before you book.
- What is airport parking?Airport parking explained for London Heathrow: Terminal Parking, Park & Ride, Meet & Greet, Valet and Pod Parking, booking rules, transfers and prices.
- What is alliance status recognition?Alliance status recognition explained: how Gold and Silver elite benefits extend across member airlines, and where member airline and flight rules still apply.
- What is an additional driver fee?An additional driver fee is a daily charge for naming a second driver on a rental agreement. See Enterprise and SIXT US rules and when the fee is waived.
- What is an advance purchase rate?An advance purchase rate is a discounted hotel rate booked ahead and usually prepaid, with strict cancellation and refund rules. Learn how it works.
- What is an Aeroplan eUpgrade?
- What is an after-hours fee?An after-hours fee is a car rental charge for collecting or returning a vehicle outside a branch's staffed hours, and key drop may not remove it.
- What is an air traffic control delay?An air traffic control delay comes from airspace management, not the airline. How EU rules treat ATC delays in compensation and care claims.
- What is an airline contract of carriage?An airline contract of carriage is the legal agreement behind your ticket: what it promises on schedules, refunds, baggage and refusal to carry.
- What is an airline incidental fee credit?An airline incidental fee credit turns bag, change and lounge charges into a card statement credit, usually for one selected airline each calendar year.
- What is an airline joint venture?An airline joint venture is a revenue-sharing partnership on specific routes, distinct from a codeshare or an alliance. What it means for miles and awards.
- What is an airport gate?An airport gate is where passengers wait for and board a flight. Gate assignments can change, and facilities and boarding rules vary by airport and airline.
- What is an airport hotel?An airport hotel is a hotel at or near an airport, used for early flights, transit stops or disrupted trips. See how Heathrow describes its own.
- What is an airport lost and found?Heathrow lists lost property in its at-the-airport help pages and routes lost baggage, check-in, delay and cancellation enquiries to airline contacts.
- What is an airport lounge day pass?An airport lounge day pass buys one-off entry to a lounge, unlike annual memberships or card access — what a pass covers and when entry can be refused.
- What is an airport meet and greet?What airport meet and greet means, how Heathrow and Changi list it, and why it is different from fast track, lounge access and meet and greet parking.
- What is an airport terminal transfer?An airport terminal transfer is the move between terminals for a connecting flight. It may stay airside or require clearing immigration first.
- What is an airport transfer?An airport transfer is the leg between the airport and a city, hotel, terminal or another airport. Modes Heathrow lists, plus what to confirm before you book.
- What is an airport transit hotel?An airport transit hotel is a short-stay room inside or beside a terminal. Airside stays skip border control, but visa rules depend on the country.
- What is an alliance award?An alliance award is one ticket from a frequent-flyer programme for travel across airlines in the same alliance, priced by the issuing programme.
- What is an annual fee waiver?An annual fee waiver means a card's yearly fee is never charged: a first-year waiver, a permanently fee-free product or a spend-based waiver.
- What is an annual spend target?
- What is an annual travel credit?An annual travel credit is a recurring card benefit for eligible travel spending. See how it differs from points, statement credits and lounge benefits.
- What is an arrivals lounge?An arrivals lounge is an airport lounge used after landing, usually for a shower and refreshments, with narrower access than a departure lounge.
- What is an authorized user?An authorized user is someone the primary cardholder lets use a credit-card account. How Chase and American Express treat earning, transfers and liability.
- What is an award beneficiary?An award beneficiary is the person named to fly on someone else's miles. See how United MileagePlus allows it and who pays the taxes and fees.
- What is an award calendar?An award calendar shows award seats and miles needed date by date, who sets availability and pricing, and why a displayed award can change.
- What is an award category change?An award category change moves a hotel into a different award tier, changing the points a free night costs, and Marriott Bonvoy can revise those levels.
- What is an award change fee?An award change fee is charged when a member alters an issued award ticket. How it differs from redeposit and cancellation charges, and why amounts vary.
- What is an award chart?An award chart turns zones, distance bands or routes into an award price. See how cabins, seasons, carrier rules and programme changes affect it.
- What is an award hold?American Airlines cash and miles bookings can be held online, but the booking must be completed online and the member chooses the miles at checkout.
- What is an award redemption fee?How airline programmes charge fees on award tickets, and how those fees differ from taxes, carrier surcharges and change or cancellation charges.
- What is an award waitlist?An award waitlist is a request for reward space that is not yet open. How waitlists, clearance, award availability and award tickets work.
- What is an e-passport (biometric passport)?An e-passport is a passport booklet with an embedded electronic chip. Border clearance, visa or travel authorisation and passport-validity rules can vary.
- What is an e-ticket number?A glossary entry on e-ticket numbers, IATA airline and airport codes, and US Department of Transportation refund rules for cancelled or significantly changed flights.
- What is an earning rate?An earning rate is the rule a frequent flyer programme uses to turn a flight, fare or spend into miles, and it varies by programme, cabin, fare and status.
- What is an electronic travel authorisation?How the US ESTA, Canada's eTA and the UK ETA work: who needs one, what they cost, and why an approval does not guarantee admission at the border.
- What is an EMD (Electronic Miscellaneous Document)?An EMD is the airline document that records ancillary services and leftover value that cannot sit on a flight coupon, issued as EMD-A or EMD-S.
- What is an equipment change?A glossary entry on equipment changes, with United MileagePlus award-ticket terms on carrier re-accommodation policies and related conditions.
- What is an exit row seat?An exit row seat sits beside an emergency exit and usually adds legroom, but eligibility rules, fees and restrictions vary by airline and aircraft.
- What is an extended warranty?An extended warranty adds a period of card-backed cover after a manufacturer's warranty ends, with time and value caps, conditions and exclusions.
- What is an extended-stay hotel?Extended-stay hotels explained with Residence Inn by Marriott and Staybridge Suites, plus how Marriott Bonvoy base Points vary by brand.
- What is an I-94 arrival/departure record?
- What is an IATA airline code?An IATA airline code is the two-character designator IATA assigns to an airline. See how it differs from the three-digit and ICAO codes.
- What is an IATA airport code?An IATA airport code is the three-letter identifier IATA assigns to an airport. Learn how IATA's official code search works and what its results show.
- What is an IATA city code?An IATA city code covers a whole metropolitan area so searches and fares can include several airports, while an airport code names just one field.
- What is an incidental hold?An incidental hold is a temporary card authorisation a hotel takes at check-in to cover extras such as dining, parking or damage, kept separate from the room rate.
- What is an infant fare?An infant fare is the ticket type airlines sell for very young children, priced around whether the child travels on an adult's lap or in a separate seat.
- What is an interest-free period?An interest-free period (grace period) is the window between a purchase and the payment due date when no interest is charged if the statement balance is cleared in full.
- What is an International Driving Permit?An International Driving Permit translates a home driving licence for use abroad. See when car rental companies and countries require one, and the permit versions.
- What is an involuntary change?Airline-initiated rebooking, refunds and compensation under American Airlines' conditions of carriage, US DOT refund rules and EU air passenger rights.
- What is an involuntary downgrade?
- What is an itinerary?An itinerary is the ordered travel plan behind a booking. How American Airlines treats itineraries, segments, tickets and itinerary changes, with sources.
- What is an off-peak award?An off-peak award is the lowest band in a programme's date-based award pricing. See how it differs from standard and peak awards, and what limits hotel redemptions.
- What is an online travel agency (OTA)?An online travel agency sells flights, hotels and packages as an intermediary. Learn how OTA bookings affect hotel points, elite credit and member rates.
- What is an onward ticket requirement?What an onward ticket requirement is, how the UK Standard Visitor rules phrase it, and why holding a Singapore visa does not guarantee entry.
- What is an open ticket?An open ticket leaves travel dates to be confirmed later. Learn how it differs from a confirmed reservation and which validity and rebooking rules apply.
- What is an operating carrier?An operating carrier is the airline that flies the aircraft. Learn how it differs from the marketing carrier for airport service, ticketing and loyalty credit.
- What is an operational upgrade?An operational upgrade, or op-up, is a cabin move the airline makes for its own reasons, not a benefit you earn. How fare, status and contract terms treat it.
- What is an unruly passenger?An unruly passenger is someone whose conduct on board interferes with safety or crew, and can be removed, refused carriage or reported on arrival.
- What is an upgrade certificate?An upgrade certificate is a fixed-life upgrade instrument elite members elect as a benefit and apply to eligible fares. How Delta Medallion certificates work.
- What is an upgrade clearance window?An upgrade clearance window is the period before departure when a programme processes upgrades. See how tier timing and priority order change who clears first.
- What is an upgrade instrument?Upgrade instrument explained: how certificates, co-pays, miles, paid upgrades and status-based complimentary upgrades differ in eligibility and conditions.
- What is award night pricing?Award night pricing is the number of hotel points a free night costs. How Hilton Honors and Marriott Bonvoy set award prices, room types and taxes.
- What is award reinstatement?What award reinstatement means, when American Airlines and Singapore Airlines return miles automatically, what a redeposit costs, and which ticket conditions and exceptions apply.
- What is back-to-back ticketing?Back-to-back ticketing: holding two overlapping round trips so a cheap minimum-stay fare covers short trips, and what American and United rules say.
- What is baggage interlining?Baggage interlining lets one airline check your bags through to another carrier's flight. See when through-checking stops and why separate tickets change it.
- What is baggage tracking (IATA Resolution 753)?
- What is booking-platform rewards account eligibility?How Booking.com Genius account eligibility works: free sign-up with an email, levels set by completed bookings, and which reservations count.
- What is booking-platform rewards combinability?Whether Booking.com Wallet Credits, vouchers, Genius discounts, coupon codes and hotel points can be combined at checkout, and what limits stacking.
- What is booking-platform rewards country availability?A glossary definition of booking-platform rewards country availability, with Booking.com Genius discounts at participating properties and on select rental cars.
- What is booking-platform rewards posting?How booking-platform purchases turn into spendable rewards: when points and tier credit post, which channels and rates qualify, and the claim windows.
- What is booking-platform rewards redemption for activities?Eligible Capital One cardholders can redeem rewards for event tickets, sometimes split with a card, but event eligibility, card rules and refund limits apply.
- What is booking-platform rewards redemption for car rentals?Booking.com Genius applies automatic discounts to select car rentals, calculated on the cost of the car only. Here is how levels, extras and exclusions work.
- What is booking-platform rewards redemption for flights?Booking-platform rewards redemption for flights means spending a travel site's own loyalty currency, such as Trip Coins, against an air booking.
- What is booking-platform rewards redemption for hotels?How booking-platform rewards such as Booking.com Wallet credits and vouchers are applied to hotel stays, with limits and exclusions.
- What is booking-platform rewards tier qualification?Booking-platform rewards tier qualification is the booking activity a platform counts toward the next rewards level, measured over a set window.
- What is car rental loyalty points posting?Car rental loyalty points posting explains how points reach a frequent flyer account, what can delay credit and how rate and membership details affect it.
- What is card application eligibility?Card application eligibility explained: how issuers check income, identity and credit, why soft and hard inquiries differ, and Capital One's stated rules.
- What is card points expiry?Card points expiry sets when bank reward points or card miles stop being redeemable, why the rules differ by issuer and how they differ from airline miles.
- What is card points posting?Card points posting is when reward points or miles from a credit-card purchase reach your balance, and why statement cycles, pending charges and refunds delay it.
- What is card points rounding?Card points rounding turns spend into whole points. See how round-down and nearest-point rules, minimum spend blocks and currency conversion change earnings.
- What is Cash + Miles?Cash + Miles (also sold as Miles + Cash, Cash + Points or Avios part payment) lets you pay for one flight with a mix of miles and money.
- What is cashback in credit card rewards?Cashback is a card-rewards model that pays a percentage of spend. How it differs from points and miles, and where category caps and statement credits apply.
- What is cell phone protection?Cell phone protection is a card benefit that can pay part of repairing or replacing a damaged or stolen phone when the monthly mobile bill is on the card.
- What is change fee vs fare difference?A change fee is a fixed charge set by the fare rule; a fare difference is the extra fare for the new itinerary. How the two amounts interact.
- What is checked baggage?American Airlines checked-bag size, weight and fee rules, through-check conditions and United Premier baggage allowance timing, based on official airline pages.
- What is codeshare lounge access?How oneworld, SkyTeam and Star Alliance rules decide lounge entry when a flight is sold by one airline and operated by another.
- What is contactless check-in?Contactless check-in lets hotel guests register and get a key without the front desk. How Hilton Honors digital check-in works and what it still requires.
- What is credit card rental car coverage?Credit card rental car coverage reimburses damage or theft on a rental car paid with an eligible card — primary or secondary, with exclusions to check.
- What is credit utilisation?Credit utilisation is the share of an available revolving limit in use. How the ratio is calculated, when it is reported, and what it means.
- What is cruise loyalty currency?Cruise loyalty currency is the progress unit cruise lines use to track nights sailed: Crown & Anchor Cruise Points and Latitudes Points.
- What is cruise loyalty priority check-in?Cruise loyalty priority check-in is a terminal tier benefit. See which Norwegian Cruise Line Latitudes Rewards tiers include it and how boarding differs.
- What is cruise loyalty priority dining?Priority dining on cruise loyalty programmes means earlier restaurant booking windows or preferred restaurant seating, subject to availability.
- What is cruise loyalty priority embarkation?Cruise loyalty priority embarkation lets higher loyalty tiers check in and board ahead of general groups, with rules set by programme, tier and terminal.
- What is cruise loyalty tier expiry?Cruise loyalty tier expiry explained: whether cruise status lapses, and what Royal Caribbean, Celebrity, Holland America and NCL publish about points.
- What is customs control?Customs control checks the goods a traveller carries, not the traveller: what must be declared at the border and what duty or tax follows a declaration.
- What is deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) explained for air travellers: what the clot is, why immobility on flights matters, and how airline fitness-to-fly guidance works.
- What is denied boarding?Denied boarding, or bumping, is a refusal to carry a confirmed passenger. How EU and US rules divide voluntary and involuntary cases, and what money is owed.
- What is double dipping?Double dipping means earning two loyalty currencies from one transaction. How Marriott Bonvoy handles Points or Miles, transfers and bonuses.
- What is duty of care during a flight disruption?Duty of care is an airline's duty to provide meals, a hotel and two calls when a flight is disrupted, separate from cash compensation under EU rules.
- What is eligible card spend?Eligible card spend is the card spending an issuer counts towards points, miles or cashback — and the exclusions behind it vary by bank, card and market.
- What is emergency medical and evacuation coverage?Emergency medical and evacuation coverage pays hospital bills abroad and medically necessary transport home. See what it authorises and what health cards do not cover.
- What is excess reimbursement insurance?Excess reimbursement insurance reimburses a renter for the rental excess after damage or theft, subject to card eligibility, exclusions and claim deadlines.
- What is fare construction?Fare construction assembles an air fare from a fare basis, its rule, the permitted routing and add-ons — and explains why one city pair has many prices.
- What is foreign-currency card earning?Foreign-currency card earning pays bonus points or miles for overseas spend. How UOB tiers overseas spend, and why the FX fee is a separate feature.
- What is hidden-city ticketing?Hidden-city ticketing means buying a ticket past your stop and leaving the itinerary at the connection. What fare logic allows it and what carriers can do.
- What is hotel early check-in?Hotel early check-in lets you take your room before the standard hour. How requests work, what guarantees cover, and how it differs from late check-out.
- What is hotel EV charging?Hotel EV charging explained: how free and paid charging works, which connectors hotels use, valet handling, and why availability varies by property.
- What is hotel points plus cash?Hotel points plus cash splits the price of a reward stay between loyalty points and money. How Marriott Bonvoy's Cash + Points rate works.
- What is hub and spoke in air travel?Hub and spoke is the airline network model that routes flights through connecting hubs and explains why so many award itineraries include a stop.
- What is immigration control?Immigration control is the UK border process that checks a traveller's identity document, permission to enter and conditions of stay.
- What is in-flight entertainment (IFE)?In-flight entertainment (IFE) covers seat-back screens, streaming and live TV. See how Emirates and Singapore Airlines describe availability and limits.
- What is issuer points pooling?Glossary entry on combining reward points across cards inside one bank's programme, covering Chase Ultimate Rewards and Capital One Venture-family bonus rules.
- What is left luggage and baggage storage?
- What is lifetime status?Lifetime status (often called Million Miler) is an elite tier a frequent flyer programme grants long-standing members without the need to requalify. How to earn it, whether partner flights count, which tier you get, what it includes and whether it can be withdrawn all depend on each programme's own terms; this page quotes the sourced official sentences.
- What is lounge access on an upgrade?What United's MileagePlus rules and Premier pages say about upgrade benefits, earning and lounge access, plus a note on the American and Delta lounge pages that could not be retrieved.
- What is loyalty account merging?Merging duplicate loyalty accounts means consolidating two rewards records in one programme. United MileagePlus rules on balances, status and pending awards.
- What is maximum permitted mileage (MPM)?Maximum permitted mileage (MPM) is the distance ceiling in a mileage-based fare: how ticketed point mileage is checked against it and why it matters.
- What is mobile roaming?Mobile roaming is using a phone on a foreign network. How EU roam-like-at-home rules work, where they stop, and fair-use limits and surcharges.
- What is mobility aid carriage?Mobility aid carriage covers how wheelchairs and scooters fly: notice, batteries, stowage and damage claims, and why they are not ordinary bags.
- What is Montreal Convention delay liability?
- What is on-time performance?On-time performance explained: what the DOT's monthly Air Travel Consumer Report measures, which U.S. airlines must report flight data, and how to use it.
- What is onboard credit?Onboard credit is a cruise booking allowance spent on eligible purchases during a sailing. See how promotional credit is offered, limited and treated if unused.
- What is own-metal vs partner award space?Own-metal award space is inventory an airline opens to its own members; partner space is what other programmes can sell, so one flight can look different.
- What is part pay with Avios?
- What is pay with points?Pay with points applies reward points to an eligible purchase and covers it with a statement credit. How BMO and American Express versions work.
- What is peak season?Peak and off-peak dates in The British Airways Club Avios upgrade pricing, plus how Marriott Bonvoy award nights vary by property and rate.
- What is pet travel by air?Pet travel by air needs two approvals: the airline's cabin or hold policy for your route and aircraft, plus the destination's animal-health rules.
- What is phantom availability?Phantom availability is award space a search shows as bookable but that fails at booking or ticketing, and what programme rules do and do not promise.
- What is points clawback?Points clawback is the reversal of points, miles or a bonus a loyalty programme already credited — how refunds, ineligible purchases and transfers work.
- What is points devaluation?Points devaluation is a rule change that cuts what a loyalty balance buys. How Qantas Frequent Flyer and Emirates Skywards changes work, with dates.
- What is premium economy lounge access?Premium economy lounge access can come from elite status, an alliance tier or a paid purchase, while some premium economy fares include ground benefits.
- What is primary rental car insurance?Card-linked cover that pays first, ahead of a driver's own motor or travel insurance, when a rented vehicle is damaged or stolen, and what it does not cover.
- What is primary vs secondary travel insurance coverage?Primary travel insurance pays a claim first; secondary coverage pays after other cover. Learn how the order of payment works and where to check it.
- What is priority check-in?Priority check-in is a dedicated airport queue for elite members and premium-cabin passengers, and United MileagePlus ties Premier Access to your booking.
- What is Priority Pass Select?Priority Pass Select is Priority Pass membership supplied by a payment card. What differs from a paid plan, guest charges and restaurant access.
- What is proof of funds and accommodation for entry?Proof of funds and accommodation for entry explained: what UK and Canadian officers may ask visitors to show, and why the amount varies by route.
- What is qualifying activity?Qualifying activity is the account activity that resets a loyalty programme's expiry clock. See how Marriott Bonvoy defines it and how United MileagePlus treats miles.
- What is qualifying spend?How Delta SkyMiles MQDs, Hilton Honors Eligible Spend and Marriott Bonvoy Qualifying Charges are defined, what counts toward status, and what each programme excludes.
- What is quarterly category activation?Quarterly category activation switches on a card's rotating bonus rate for that quarter. What Discover's card page says about the bonus, cap and base rate.
- What is rail loyalty points posting?Rail loyalty points posting is how a rail loyalty scheme credits points and tier credits to a member account after a journey, and how missing credit is fixed.
- What is rail points expiry?Rail points expiry sets when loyalty points from train operators stop being usable. Learn how fixed, rolling and tier-linked rules differ by programme.
- What is rental excess?Rental excess is the share of car rental damage a renter pays. How it works with damage waivers, zero-excess products, card cover and the pick-up hold.
- What is return protection?Return protection is a discretionary card benefit that can reimburse a purchase a retailer will not take back, subject to the card's own windows and caps.
- What is revenue-based redemption?Revenue-based redemption prices an award from the cash fare of the same trip. How Southwest Rapid Rewards and Delta Stays link points to the fare.
- What is rewards redemption on vacation rentals?Booking.com Genius discounts can apply to vacation homes and apartments, but only at participating properties, and the discount excludes taxes and fees.
- What is seat pitch?United MileagePlus rules tie premium seating benefits to keeping your account number on the booking, and some seat spending counts toward Status Match.
- What is Secure Flight?Secure Flight is the TSA prescreening programme that checks passenger names against watchlists and sends screening instructions to airlines before departure.
- What is security screening?Security screening is the TSA checkpoint where passengers and cabin bags are checked before the departure area. See ID, liquids and pat-down rules.
- What is standby flying?Standby flying means waiting for an unconfirmed seat on another flight. How revenue and non-revenue standby differ, and why standby is not a confirmed change.
- What is supplementary card earning?Supplementary card earning explains whether spend on an extra card on your credit-card account collects points or miles, and what to check on the statement.
- What is the 24-hour cancellation rule?
- What is the airport liquids rule?The airport liquids rule limits carry-on liquids to small containers, with exemptions and duty-free connection conditions that vary by country and airport.
- What is the difference between a refund and travel credit?A refund returns money to the original payment method, while a travel credit keeps value with the airline for a later booking; rules differ by jurisdiction.
- What is the difference between a void and a refund?A void cancels a ticket as if it were never issued, while a refund returns its value under the fare rule. See how deadlines, issuers and payouts differ.
- What is the GDPR in travel bookings?How the EU GDPR applies to flights and hotel stays: which booking data you can see, correct or erase, how long PNRs are kept, and what a request cannot change.
- What is the International Air Transport Association (IATA)?IATA is the airline trade association behind two-letter airline codes, three-letter airport codes and the manuals used in ticketing, baggage and distribution.
- What is the piece concept vs the weight concept?Baggage allowances follow two systems: the piece concept caps the number and weight of bags, while the weight concept shares one total kilo allowance.
- What is the REAL ID requirement?REAL ID is the US federal standard for state-issued ID accepted at airport checkpoints for domestic flights — what counts, and what else works.
- What is the same-day departure rule?The same-day departure rule ties lounge entry to a valid boarding pass for a flight leaving that airport today. See how Priority Pass words the condition.
- What is the same-day travel rule for lounge access?How lounge networks treat the boarding pass you hold on the day, what Priority Pass and LoungeKey actually set, and where the time window is decided.
- What is the Schengen area?
- What is the TSA (Transportation Security Administration)?The Transportation Security Administration (TSA) screens passengers and bags at US airports, sets what can fly in carry-on bags and runs TSA PreCheck lanes.
- What is third-party liability insurance?Third-party liability insurance is the UK's legal minimum motor cover: it pays for damage or injury to others, not repair to your own vehicle.
- What is throwaway ticketing?Throwaway ticketing means buying a return trip you never finish because the round trip is cheaper than the one-way fare. How airlines treat it.
- What is ticket reissue and revalidation?Revalidation rewrites the coupons on an existing ticket; reissue replaces it with a new one and reprices the fare. How each changes validity and cost.
- What is ticket validity?Ticket validity is how long an airline ticket stays usable for travel and what can still be refunded, with American Airlines' one-year rule.
- What is tier point expiry?Tier point expiry explains why status credits reset at the start of a membership year, how Qantas Status Credits work, and what carries into lifetime status.
- What is TPM?TPM (Ticketed Point Mileage) is the IATA-published standard mileage between two cities, used by many frequent flyer programmes to award miles. Definition, key takeaways, an official ANA example, and a programme-by-programme comparison with sources.
- What is transfer time?Transfer time is the gap between requesting a card or hotel points transfer and the points landing in your airline account, and why it matters for awards.
- What is travel accident insurance?Travel accident insurance pays a fixed benefit for accidental death or injury on a common carrier. It is accident cover, not general medical insurance.
- What is travel fraud?Travel fraud covers fake bookings, payment diversion and impersonation. Learn the warning signs and how to report suspicious activity to banks and regulators.
- What is travel insurance coordination of benefits?Coordination of benefits decides which travel policy pays first when card cover and another policy overlap, and how primary and secondary claims work.
- What is travel vaccination?Travel vaccination is the vaccines or preventive medicines a trip may call for, and the proof of vaccination a border may require for entry.
- What is trip cancellation and interruption coverage on credit cards?Credit card trip cancellation and interruption cover explained: what the benefit is, how primary and secondary cover differ, and where the binding terms sit.
- What is trip delay coverage?Card trip delay coverage explained: how the benefit is triggered, what it reimburses and why the card's own terms, not the airline, set the limits.
- What is trip interruption coverage?Trip interruption coverage pays when a trip is cut short after departure. How the Amex US Platinum benefit defines it, its limits, and where claims go.
- What is unlimited mileage?A glossary entry on unlimited mileage as a car rental distance term, with Avis and Enterprise notes on rental policies by country and separate rental types.
- What is upgrade priority?Upgrade priority is the order in which eligible frequent flyers are cleared for upgrades. See how United MileagePlus treats tiers, fares and timing.
- What is US DOT aviation consumer protection for disability?What the US DOT Office of Aviation Consumer Protection lists for disability, how air travel complaints are used, and where to file one.
- What is voluntary denied boarding?Voluntary denied boarding means giving up a confirmed seat on an oversold flight for a negotiated reward. How the US volunteer process works and what to ask.
- WindowThe qualification window is the period over which thresholds are counted: only status points or segments earned within it count toward that qualification or renewal.